This splits the user authentication code from the sshd-session
binary into a separate sshd-auth binary. This will be executed by
sshd-session to complete the user authentication phase of the
protocol only.
Splitting this code into a separate binary ensures that the crucial
pre-authentication attack surface has an entirely disjoint address
space from the code used for the rest of the connection. It also
yields a small runtime memory saving as the authentication code will
be unloaded after thhe authentication phase completes.
Joint work with markus@ feedback deraadt@
Tested in snaps since last week
ML-KEM768 with ECDH/X25519 from the Internet-draft:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-kampanakis-curdle-ssh-pq-ke-03
This is based on previous patches from markus@ but adapted to use the
final FIPS203 standard ML-KEM using a formally-verified implementation
from libcrux.
Note this key exchange method is still a draft and thus subject to
change. It is therefore disabled by default; set MLKEM=yes to build it.
We're making it available now to make it easy for other SSH
implementations to test against it.
ok markus@ deraadt@
of the grace_alarm_handler() using the exact things allowed by the
signal-safe rules. This is a good rule of thumb: Handlers should
be written to either set a global volatile sig_atomic_t inspected
from outside, and/or directly perform only safe operations listed
in our sigaction(2) manual page.
ok djm markus
behaviours, controlled by two new sshd_config(5) options:
PerSourcePenalties and PerSourcePenaltyExemptList.
When PerSourcePenalties are enabled, sshd(8) will monitor the exit
status of its child pre-auth session processes. Through the exit
status, it can observe situations where the session did not
authenticate as expected. These conditions include when the client
repeatedly attempted authentication unsucessfully (possibly indicating
an attack against one or more accounts, e.g. password guessing), or
when client behaviour caused sshd to crash (possibly indicating
attempts to exploit sshd).
When such a condition is observed, sshd will record a penalty of some
duration (e.g. 30 seconds) against the client's address. If this time
is above a minimum threshold specified by the PerSourcePenalties, then
connections from the client address will be refused (along with any
others in the same PerSourceNetBlockSize CIDR range).
Repeated offenses by the same client address will accrue greater
penalties, up to a configurable maximum. A PerSourcePenaltyExemptList
option allows certain address ranges to be exempt from all penalties.
We hope these options will make it significantly more difficult for
attackers to find accounts with weak/guessable passwords or exploit
bugs in sshd(8) itself.
PerSourcePenalties is off by default, but we expect to enable it
automatically in the near future.
much feedback markus@ and others, ok markus@
splits sshd into a listener and a session binary. More splits are
planned.
After this changes, the listener binary will validate the configuration,
load the hostkeys, listen on port 22 and manage MaxStartups only. All
session handling will be performed by a new sshd-session binary that the
listener fork+execs.
This reduces the listener process to the minimum necessary and sets us
up for future work on the sshd-session binary.
feedback/ok markus@ deraadt@
NB. if you're updating via source, please restart sshd after installing,
otherwise you run the risk of locking yourself out.
